What's New in Investor Education

Smishing is a fraud tactic in which scammers send unsolicited messages to targets over short message service (SMS), or text messages. Messages might appear to come from a financial institution and require immediate action, but don’t engage—chances are good they’re fraudulent.

One factor that might influence your decision to hold a particular investment in your portfolio is whether it seems like a good value. But there are many ways to define the value of an investment, and these can vary based on the type of product you’re considering.

In conjunction with World Investor Week 2025, FINRA, the North American Securities Administrators Association (NASAA), the National Futures Association (NFA) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) are issuing this Investor Bulletin to highlight ways in which emerging technologies, innovation, and financial fraud and scams are impacting investors.

Some characteristics and routine behaviors have been found to be associated with an increased risk of fraud for older adults. Steps like reducing exposure to scams, researching investments, and building financial knowledge can help reduce risk.

Momentum investing is a trading strategy that involves trading stocks that are moving rapidly and then exiting positions before the prices begin to move in the opposite direction. But stock prices can quickly shift, so trying to figure out when a stock is nearing its peak—or trough—is challenging.

Funds tracking non-traditional indexes can provide investors with an expanded set of investment opportunities beyond those offered by traditional indexes. But they can also create additional complexities and risks to consider.

Many unregistered entities are increasingly promoting their auto-trading services to retail investors on social media, making misleading claims about their ease of use and level of risk. Investors should know the risks before using these services.

Direct indexing is a strategy that seeks to replicate performance with direct ownership of securities held in a particular index. This can provide the flexibility to customize holdings and the potential for greater control over tax impacts, but direct indexing also comes with unique risks.

FINRA Foundation’s latest wave of the National Financial Capability Study showed that more Americans are finding it increasingly difficult to make ends meet and set aside emergency funds, as they face the impact of higher food costs, and engaging in expensive credit card practices.

Every year, millions of older investors become victims of financial exploitation, resulting in billions of dollars in personal losses. Read more about rules that allow brokerage firms to take steps to protect seniors and other specified adults.

You don’t need a specialized degree to read a company’s financial statements and glean valuable information that can help you make your investment decisions. There’s a wealth of financial data about a company’s operations, investments, indebtedness and much more easily accessible to investors who know where to look.

Value investing involves buying securities that, based on fundamental analysis, are trading below their intrinsic worth or at a discount to the market or their peers. Learn more about value investing and factors to consider when thinking about following this investment strategy.

Fractional shares offer investors an opportunity to purchase pieces of stock shares. While fractional shares can offer flexibility and convenience, it’s important to understand their associated limitations and how your brokerage firm handles them.

A financial professional designation is like a certification or credential. They’re different from registration or licenses. This bulletin can help investors better understand the professional designations financial professionals might use.

Many people are turning to online trading platforms for their investing needs rather than speaking directly with a representative at a brokerage firm. While this might sound straightforward, common misconceptions persist. If you’re considering online trading, here are some things to know.

Market timing is an active investment strategy involving shifting money in and out of the market or from one investment to another to exploit anticipated short-term price movements. Market timing can involve transferring between equity sectors and asset classes, or liquidating assets.

Borrowing against your home to invest is always risky, and the potentially high value of these loans can make home equity a prime target for scammers. FINRA has seen an increase in reporting of fraudulent schemes involving home loans taken out for investment purposes. Here are some things to know.

When financial markets experience turbulence, Wall Street employs a jargon all its own to describe important elements of uncertain times. Here's a look at some of the most common terms and what they mean.

Don’t trust that unexpected text or direct message from a stranger—it might be the first step in a relationship investment scam. These scams often involve fraudsters contacting targets seemingly at random, then gaining trust before ultimately manipulating their targets into phony investments and disappearing with the funds.

When investing, one significant decision you’ll need to make is whether you want to follow an active or a passive investment strategy. Learn more about factors to consider when thinking about which strategy is right for you.

Becoming a new parent? Here are 5 tips that can help you create long- term financial plans that will help you achieve financial stability for your growing family.

Most of us know someone who has been a victim of a financial scam, or we may have been a target ourselves. If you’ve been impacted by this type of crime, there are ways you can get assistance. These six steps can help you reclaim power from the fraudsters and begin to move forward.

Bonds can be issued by corporations, local municipalities, government agencies and the federal government. Performing due diligence can help you assess the many characteristics that are associated with these fixed-income securities and evaluate overall suitability with your investing needs.

Before investing in stocks, also referred to as equities, take time to gather the information necessary to make an informed investment decision, a process commonly known as due diligence.

In a pump-and-dump scheme, fraudsters accumulate stock, spread positive—but false—information to “pump” up the price, then eventually “dump” their shares, often causing unsuspecting investors to lose money when the stock price then sharply declines. Learn how to recognize and protect yourself against pump-and-dump schemes.