(a) No member shall execute or cause to be executed or participate in an account for which there are executed purchases of any NMS stock as defined in Rule 600(b) of SEC Regulation NMS ("designated security") at successively higher prices, or sales of any such security at successively lower prices, for the purpose of creating or inducing a false, misleading or artificial appearance of activity in such security or for the purpose of unduly or improperly influencing the market price for such security or for the purpose of establishing a price which does not reflect

(a) No member or person associated with a member shall execute or cause to be executed, directly or indirectly, a transaction otherwise than on an exchange in a security subject to an initial public offering until such security has first opened for trading on the national securities exchange listing the security, as indicated by the dissemination of an opening transaction in the security by the listing exchange.

(b) A security is subject to an "initial public offering" for purposes

Pursuant to the procedures set forth in Rule 6120(b), FINRA shall halt all trading otherwise than on an exchange in any NMS stock, as defined in Rule 600(b) of SEC Regulation NMS, if other major securities markets initiate market-wide trading halts in response to their rules or extraordinary market conditions or if otherwise directed by the SEC.

FINRA, pursuant to the procedures set forth in paragraph (b):

(a) Members are required to report transactions in NMS stocks, as defined in Rule 600(b) of SEC Regulation NMS, effected otherwise than on or through a national securities exchange to FINRA. For purposes of the Rule 6100 Series, "otherwise than on an exchange" means a trade effected by a FINRA member otherwise than on or through a national securities exchange.

(a) A member may, but is not obligated to, accept a stop order or stop limit order in a security. A "stop order" is an order to buy (or sell) that becomes a market order to buy (or sell) when a transaction occurs at or above (below) the stop price.

Pre-time stamping of order tickets in connection with block positioning is contrary to Rule 4511.

(a) A member holding an open order from a customer or another broker-dealer shall, prior to executing or permitting the order to be executed, reduce, increase, or adjust the price and/or number of shares of such order by an amount equal to the dividend, payment, or distribution on the day that the security is quoted ex-dividend, ex-rights, ex-distribution, or ex-interest, except where a cash dividend or distribution is less than one cent ($